Ephesos

Ephesus
Ἔφεσος (Éphesos); Efes
	The Library of Celsus in Ephesus
	Shown within Turkey Ephesos (Asia)
Location	Selçuk, İzmir Province, Turkey, West Asia
Region	Ionia
Coordinates	37°56′28″N 27°20′31″E / 37.94111°N 27.34194°E
Type	Ancient Greek settlement
Part of	West Asia
Area	Wall circuit: 415 ha (1,030 acres); Occupied: 224 ha (550 acres)
History
Builder	Attic and Ionian Greeks
Founded	10th century BC
Abandoned	15th century
Periods	Greek Dark Ages to Late Middle Ages
Site notes
Excavation dates	1863–1869, 1895 - present
Archaeologists	John Turtle Wood, Otto Benndorf,
Public access	yes
Website	www.muze.gov.tr/en/museums/ephesus-archaeological-site
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Criteria	Cultural: iii, iv, vi
Reference	1018
Inscription	2015 (39th Session)
Area	662.62 ha
Buffer zone	1,246.3 ha

Ephesos (Yunani:Ἔφεσος rumi: Ephesos: Latin Ephesus; Turki:Efes) id pogulu nopo nga iso do watas di bobos tagayo id Asia Kecil. Koyonon diti pinoimagon oontok timpu Yunani Purba^[1]^[2] tdi poingion id kotonobon rahat Anatolia, baino misomok miampai Selçuk id wilayah İzmir, Turki.

Watas diti nointutunan sabaagi iso koyonon di poingion id Kuil Artemis ii nopo nga iso ko mantad Tujuh Keajaiban Dunia Purba.^[3] Kosiliu nogi o koyonon diti sabaagi ruruppuon Iid pialatan tulun di kiugama agama Kristian sabaagi iso gereja terawal di pinosotol id Kitab Wahyu kumaa Yohanes; sundung po do ingkaa, kiwaa di otumbayaa do Yohanes i minomonsoi do Injilnya id watas diti.

Sukuon

↑ Carlos Ramirez-Faria (1 January 2007). Concise Encyclopeida Of World History. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. ISBN 978-81-269-0775-5. Ralat maganu:Tag <ref> tidak sah, nama "Ramirez-Faria2007" digunakan secara berulang dengan kandungan yang berbeza
↑ Michael Gagarin (2010). The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece and Rome. Oxford University Press. pp. 2–. ISBN 978-0-19-517072-6. Historical Overview A Greek city-state on the Aegean coast of Asia Minor, at the mouth of Cayster River (Küçük Menderes), Ephesus ...
↑ Lethaby, W. R. (1908). "Diana's Temple at Ephesus". B. T. Batsford. Linoyog ontok 20 April 2009 – via Bill Thayer's Gazetteer, University of Chicago.
Olausson, Lena; Sangster, Catherine (2006). Oxford BBC Guide to Pronunciation. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. p. 120. ISBN 978-0-19-280710-6.
Hawkins, J. David (2009). "The Arzawa letters in recent perspective". British Museum Studies in Ancient Egypt and Sudan (14): 73–83.
Sharon R. Steadman; Gregory McMahon; John Gregory McMahon (15 September 2011). The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Anatolia: (10,000–323 BCE). Oxford University Press. p. 366 and 608. ISBN 978-0-19-537614-2. In the case of such settlements as Miletus and Ephesus, as implied, the Greeks chose the sites of former Anatolian cities of prominence
Hanson, J. W. (2011). "The Urban System of Roman Asia Minor". In Bowman, Alan; Wilson, Andrew (eds.). Settlement, Urbanization, and Population. Oxford Studies on the Roman Economy. Vol. 2. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. p. 253. ISBN 9780199602353.
Hanson, J. W. (2011). "The Urban System of Roman Asia Minor". In Bowman, Alan; Wilson, Andrew (eds.). Settlement, Urbanization, and Population. Oxford Studies on the Roman Economy. Vol. 2. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. p. 258. ISBN 9780199602353.
Hanson, J. W. (2011). "The Urban System of Roman Asia Minor". In Bowman, Alan; Wilson, Andrew (eds.). Settlement, Urbanization, and Population. Oxford Studies on the Roman Economy. Vol. 2. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. pp. 252–257. ISBN 9780199602353.
Price, Simon (2011). "Estimating Ancient Greek Populations". In Bowman, Alan; Wilson, Andrew (eds.). Settlement, Urbanization, and Population. Oxford Studies on the Roman Economy. Vol. 2. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. p. 18. ISBN 9780199602353.

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Toud

Foss, Clive. 1979. "Ephesus After Antiquity." Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Athas, Daphne. 1991. Entering Ephesus. Sag Harbor, NY: Second Chance Press.
Oster, Richard. 1987. A Bibliography of Ancient Ephesus. Philadelphia: American Theological Library Association.
Scherrer, Peter, Fritz Krinzinger, and Selahattin Erdemgil. 2000. Ephesus: The New Guide. Rev. ed. 2000. Turkey: Ege Yayinlari (Zero Prod. Ltd.).
Leloux, Kevin. 2018. "The Campaign Of Croesus Against Ephesus: Historical & Archaeological Considerations", in Polemos 21–2, p. 47–63.

Noputan labus

Library resources about
Ephesus

Official website
Official website of the terrace houses of Ephesus
Coinage of Ephesus
The Theatre at Ephesus
Photos from Ephesus (2015)
This Is What The Ancient Greek City Ephesus Most Probably Looked Like (The Mind Circle, Alpix, 2022)

[Ramirez-Faria2007-1] Carlos Ramirez-Faria (1 January 2007). Concise Encyclopeida Of World History. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. ISBN 978-81-269-0775-5. Ralat maganu:Tag <ref> tidak sah, nama "Ramirez-Faria2007" digunakan secara berulang dengan kandungan yang berbeza

[Gagarin2010-2] Michael Gagarin (2010). The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece and Rome. Oxford University Press. pp. 2–. ISBN 978-0-19-517072-6. Historical Overview A Greek city-state on the Aegean coast of Asia Minor, at the mouth of Cayster River (Küçük Menderes), Ephesus ...

[3] Lethaby, W. R. (1908). "Diana's Temple at Ephesus". B. T. Batsford. Linoyog ontok 20 April 2009 – via Bill Thayer's Gazetteer, University of Chicago.

[Olausson2006-4] Olausson, Lena; Sangster, Catherine (2006). Oxford BBC Guide to Pronunciation. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. p. 120. ISBN 978-0-19-280710-6.

[BritishMuseum-5] Hawkins, J. David (2009). "The Arzawa letters in recent perspective". British Museum Studies in Ancient Egypt and Sudan (14): 73–83.

[SteadmanMcMahon2011-6] Sharon R. Steadman; Gregory McMahon; John Gregory McMahon (15 September 2011). The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Anatolia: (10,000–323 BCE). Oxford University Press. p. 366 and 608. ISBN 978-0-19-537614-2. In the case of such settlements as Miletus and Ephesus, as implied, the Greeks chose the sites of former Anatolian cities of prominence

[hans253-7] Hanson, J. W. (2011). "The Urban System of Roman Asia Minor". In Bowman, Alan; Wilson, Andrew (eds.). Settlement, Urbanization, and Population. Oxford Studies on the Roman Economy. Vol. 2. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. p. 253. ISBN 9780199602353.

[hans258-8] Hanson, J. W. (2011). "The Urban System of Roman Asia Minor". In Bowman, Alan; Wilson, Andrew (eds.). Settlement, Urbanization, and Population. Oxford Studies on the Roman Economy. Vol. 2. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. p. 258. ISBN 9780199602353.

[hans252to257-9] Hanson, J. W. (2011). "The Urban System of Roman Asia Minor". In Bowman, Alan; Wilson, Andrew (eds.). Settlement, Urbanization, and Population. Oxford Studies on the Roman Economy. Vol. 2. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. pp. 252–257. ISBN 9780199602353.

[pric18-10] Price, Simon (2011). "Estimating Ancient Greek Populations". In Bowman, Alan; Wilson, Andrew (eds.). Settlement, Urbanization, and Population. Oxford Studies on the Roman Economy. Vol. 2. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. p. 18. ISBN 9780199602353.

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