Pärnu
Pärnu (Estonian pronunciation: [ˈpærˑnu]) nopo nga kakadayan kaapat tagayo id Estonia. Kinoyonon diti nopo nga id ponong kotonobon do Estonia, kisinodu 128 kilometres (80 mi) ponong kaabatan pogun tina do Estonia iri no tu, Tallinn, om 176 kilometres (109 mi) ponong kosilahon kakadayan koduo tagayo id Estonia iri no tu, Tartu. Kakadayan diti poingion id disan do rahat Pärnu Bay, haro iso kinoyonon tokoro di poionit duo kinoyonon diti di nointutunan sabaagi teluk Riga, iri no tu soboogian mantad Rahat Baltik. Id suang kakadayan diti, Bawang Pärnu lumuyung kumaa teluk Riga.
Nointutunan do Pärnu sabaagi kinoyonon tumbuluyon ontok tadau koundarangan namot timpu alasu, miampai ogumu hotel, restoran om kotogisan di alaab. Haro nogi koingkoyodon do kapal tulud id kinoyonon diti iri no tu, Pärnu Airport.
Sajara
[simbanai | simbanai toud]
Pärnu toi ko' Old Pärnu (Latin : Perona, German : Pernau, Alt-Pernau, Estonian: Vana-Pärnu), pinotimpuun di biskop Ösel–Wiek ontok kiikiro toun c. 1251. Noontok do kakadayan diti do oudiponon mantad kakakdayan suai di misomok om norumbak ontok toun c. 1600. Haro iso kakadayan wagu pinonguranan do Embeke, (sumushut id boros Jerman : Neu-Pernau, Estonian : Uus-Pernau) di nowonsoi di Pomorintaan Livonia, di pinotimpuun momonsoi Ordensburg (iso kinoyonon porinta) kiikiro ontok toun 1265.
Kakadayan di tohuri, nointutunan sabaagi Jerman Pernau, nopo nga puru Liga Hansa om iso kinoyonon koingkoyodon kapal di oponsol di Livonia. Ontok toun 1560 gisom 1617, kakadayan diti nopo nga id siriba kopomorintaan Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Ontok toun 1609, tinimungan Poland om Lithuania misangod miampai askar Swedes misomok do kakadayan diti. fought the nearby in 1609. Kakadayan diti naanu do porinta Sweden ontok abad-16 namot Sangod Livonia om nosiliu sabaagi soboogian mantad Livonia Sweden, sundung po aiso kapanahakan maya rasmi mantad Poland-Lithuania gisom haro Pimbatosan Oliva ontok toun 1660. Kalapas, kapanahakan kinoyonon Livonia kumaa Empayar Rusia ontok toun 1710 tumanud Kapanahakan Estonia om Livonia om ontok toun 1721 montok Pimbatason Nystad, katanud Sangod Koibutan Agayo. Parnu kosiliu sabaagi soboogian mantad Gabenorat Livonia suang Empayar Rusia gisom toun 1917, om pinosimban kumaa Garbenorat Autonomi Estonia. Somonu nopo ngaran kakadayan diti sumuku nogi sabaagi Pyarnu, iri no tu transliterasi pisambalik di amu otopot mantad boros Rusia Пярну.
Nokosiliu do kakadayan diti sobogiaan mantad Estonia di abagas ontok toun 1918 kalapas Sangod Pomogunan Koiso om Sangod Kabagasan Estonia.
Kakadayan noonuan Askar Taragang Soviet miampai toinsanan Estonian ontok toun 1940 gisom Sangod Pomogunan Koduo, om mogidu nogi toinsanan mogiigion Jerman id kakadayan diti. Naanu kawagu kinoyonon diti do Jerman mantad toun 1941 gisom 1944 pogulu naanu kawagu di Soviet Union namot sangod kawagu diolo. Kalapas di, Pärnu kotilombus kawagu sabaagi sobogiaan mantad Republik Sosialis Soviet Estonia mantad 1944 gisom 1991, soira nokoguli kawagu kabagasan do Estonia.
Namot Sangod Koibutan Agayo, Universiti Dorpat (Tartu) pinosimban kumaa Pärnu mantad 1699 gisom 1710. Pinotimpohon do Universiti diti ra'an kampus id Pärnu gisom baino (1,000 tangaanak ontok toun akademik 2004/2005).[1]
Geografi
[simbanai | simbanai toud]Watas id Pärnu
[simbanai | simbanai toud]Haro turu watas id Pärnu: Ülejõe, Rääma, Vana-Pärnu, Kesklinn, Rannarajoon, Eeslinn om Raeküla.[2]
Woyo tawan
[simbanai | simbanai toud]Pärnu diti nopo nga id kinoyonon miampai zon iklim kontinental atamis di aadang.
| peratur ko-koontalaan data for Pärnu, Estonia. | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wulan | Milatok | Mansak | Gomot | Ngiop | Mikat | Mahas | Madas | Magus | Manom | Gumas | Milau | Momuhau | Toun |
| Kolosuon rahat
°C (°F) |
style="Templat:Weather box/colt" |0.4 (32.72) |
style="Templat:Weather box/colt" |0.0 (32.00) |
style="Templat:Weather box/colt" | -0.1 (31.82) |
style="Templat:Weather box/colt" |1.9 (35.42) |
style="Templat:Weather box/colt" |7.7 (45.86) |
style="Templat:Weather box/colt" |14.7 (58.46) |
style="Templat:Weather box/colt" |19.4 (66.92) |
style="Templat:Weather box/colt" |19.1 (66.38) |
style="Templat:Weather box/colt" |15.9 (60.62) |
style="Templat:Weather box/colt" |10.7 (51.26) |
style="Templat:Weather box/colt" |6.7 (44.06) |
style="Templat:Weather box/colt" |3.6 (38.48) |
style="Templat:Weather box/colt" |8.3 (47.00) |
| Taang kolosuan rahat [3] | |||||||||||||
Waig
[simbanai | simbanai toud]Bawang Pärnu, Bawang Sauga, Bawang Reiu, Pärnu Moat, Pärnu Bay.
Id pogulu Pärnu Moat nopo nga soboogian mantad kubu Pärnu. Baino nopo, gunoon kinoyonon diti montok mogisusuai abaabayan.[4]
Demografi
[simbanai | simbanai toud]| Toun | 1881 | 1897 | 1922 | 1934 | 1959 | 1970 | 1979 | 1989 | 2000 | 2011 | 2012 | 2017 | 2021 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Populasi | 12,966 | 12,898 | 18,499 | 20,334 | 22,367 | 50,224 | 54,051 | 53,885 | 45,500 | 39,728 | 40,401 | 40,700 | 40,228 |
| Tinaru | 1922[5] | 1934[6] | 1941[7] | 1959[8] | 1970[9] | 1979[10] | 1989[10] | 2000[11] | 2011[12] | 2021[13] | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ginumu | % | Ginumu | % | Ginumu | % | Ginumu | % | Ginumu | % | Ginumu | % | Ginumu | % | Ginumu | % | Ginumu | % | Ginumu | % | |
| Estonians | 16440 | 89.0 | 18436 | 90.7 | 18370 | 96.7 | 26669 | 73.9 | 34370 | 74.2 | 36748 | 74.1 | 37939 | 72.4 | 36112 | 79.4 | 33000 | 83.1 | 33682 | 83.7 |
| Russians | 494 | 2.67 | 469 | 2.31 | 328 | 1.73 | - | - | 9146 | 19.7 | 9676 | 19.5 | 10753 | 20.5 | 6951 | 15.3 | 5076 | 12.8 | 4256 | 10.6 |
| Ukrainians | - | - | 7 | 0.03 | - | - | - | - | 1010 | 2.18 | 1255 | 2.53 | 1631 | 3.11 | 966 | 2.12 | 671 | 1.69 | 887 | 2.20 |
| Belarusians | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 412 | 0.89 | 493 | 0.99 | 546 | 1.04 | 297 | 0.65 | 179 | 0.45 | 184 | 0.46 |
| Finns | - | - | 14 | 0.07 | 11 | 0.06 | - | - | 517 | 1.12 | 543 | 1.09 | 534 | 1.02 | 331 | 0.73 | 254 | 0.64 | 324 | 0.81 |
| Jews | 236 | 1.28 | 248 | 1.22 | 0 | 0.00 | - | - | 190 | 0.41 | 138 | 0.28 | 76 | 0.15 | 35 | 0.08 | 20 | 0.05 | 13 | 0.03 |
| Latvians | - | - | 143 | 0.70 | 88 | 0.46 | - | - | 135 | 0.29 | 165 | 0.33 | 150 | 0.29 | 85 | 0.19 | 65 | 0.16 | 128 | 0.32 |
| Germans | 1030 | 5.57 | 871 | 4.28 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 105 | 0.21 | 132 | 0.25 | 69 | 0.15 | 50 | 0.13 | 55 | 0.14 |
| Tatars | - | - | 0 | 0.00 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 76 | 0.15 | 103 | 0.20 | 45 | 0.10 | 33 | 0.08 | 31 | 0.08 |
| Polish | - | - | 34 | 0.17 | 26 | 0.14 | - | - | - | - | 108 | 0.22 | 81 | 0.15 | 60 | 0.13 | 35 | 0.09 | 37 | 0.09 |
| Lithuanians | - | - | 10 | 0.05 | 6 | 0.03 | - | - | 60 | 0.13 | 80 | 0.16 | 83 | 0.16 | 82 | 0.18 | 60 | 0.15 | 58 | 0.14 |
| Amu noilaan | 0 | 0.00 | 28 | 0.14 | 8 | 0.04 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 226 | 0.50 | 59 | 0.15 | 129 | 0.32 |
| Suai-suai | 281 | 1.52 | 74 | 0.36 | 167 | 0.88 | 9398 | 26.1 | 476 | 1.03 | 236 | 0.48 | 361 | 0.69 | 241 | 0.53 | 226 | 0.57 | 444 | 1.10 |
| Ginumu | 18481 | 100 | 20334 | 100 | 19004 | 100 | 36067 | 100 | 46316 | 100 | 49623 | 100 | 52389 | 100 | 45500 | 100 | 39728 | 100 | 40228 | 100 |
Ekonomi
[simbanai | simbanai toud]
Baino diti, Parnu nopo nga iso kinoyonon di miadang id pisuk ekonomi miampai mogisusuai kawo industri di poinggonop. Polaburan mantad pogun suai om pogindopuan wagu di momoguno teknologi kawawagu manahak kosiwatan karaja miampai taang pinggisaman di milo minsangod id taang sompomogunanan. Piipiro porusahaan id watas Parnu diti kosiliu nogi porusahaan di nointutun sabaagi di bobos osonong id Estonia.
Luyungan eksport di signifikan id watas Pärnu om kaabatan Estonia mantad Pelabuhan Pärnu osomok id ponong sawa Bawang Pärnu. Id piipiro toun diti, agayo koburuan pelabuhan diti om kosiliu sabaagi pelabuhan serantau di oponsol montok kinoyonon kotonobon om kaabatan Estonia. Kointutunan Pärnu sabaagai toud ponondulian om kinoyonon tumombului mantad pintangaan abad ko-19. Kapamansayan kinoyonon pomodsuan ontok toun 1838 di nointutunan sabaagi tadau wulan kapamansayan toud kotombuluyan id Pärnu. Babaino diti, Pärnu diti haro toinsanan woyo di nuru haro montok iso-iso toud kinoyonon ponombuluyan moden, di haro spa om toud ponondulian, hotel, kinoyonon porsidangan om konsert, gana golf om kinoyonon pomoinan tenis, restoran miampai pub. Tumanud koubasanan di pogulu, toud ponombuluyan diti popointutun Pärnu sabaagi Finland om pogun-pogun id Scandinavia.
Kinoyonon Tumombului
[simbanai | simbanai toud]
Kogumuan tutumombului id Pärnu nopo nga mantad mogigion Finland, Sweden om Rusia. Tutumombului mantad Jerman, Latvia om Norway nogi nga asaru tumombului hilo.
Ontok toun 1837, iso kadai arak osomok do disan rahat nosimban sumiliu do kinoyonon pomodsuan. Kinoyonon diti popotounda 5 - 6 kinoyonon pomodsuan do waig rahat alasu ontok timpu alasu om kitudu montok sauna ontok timpu osogit. Bogunan kayu di nowonsoi diti norumbak ontok Sangod Pomogunan Kumoiso. Ontok toun 1972, bogunan watu kinoyonon Pomodsuan Rana Pärnu sandad noinsanagan kawagu id kinoyonon di miagal.
Mantad toun 1996, nointutunan do Pärnu sabaagi toud kakadayan timpu alasu Estonia..[14][15]
Tumimpuun ontok toun 2015, kakadayan Pärnu kosiliu sabaagi kinoyonon pohoroon do Festival Weekend, iri no tu abaabayan tagayo id kinoyonon Nordik om Baltik. Sinasawat festival diti poposolimbau DJ nointutunan mantad mogisusuai spektrum muzik sayau elektronik poinggonop miampai sokodung audiovisual. Piipiro artis di poposolimbau ontok abaabayan dii kohompit no Martin Garrix, David Guetta, Avicii, Steve Aoki, The Chainsmokers, Tiësto, Armin van Buuren, Hardwell, Robin Schulz, Afrojack, deadmau5, Knife Party, Desiigner om ogumu po suai. Nointutunan nogi Pärnu montok benteng rahat dau. Tumanud kotumbayaan tulun sandad, nung duo tulun miupus mamanau miampai mogingit longon solinaid benteng dii om misium id dohuri benteng, piupusan diolo alansan do pointimporon gisom sogigisom.[16]
Tulun pantangon
[simbanai | simbanai toud]
- Elisabeth Aspe, monunuat
- Gustav Fabergé, papadagang kakamot amas
- Johann Voldemar Jannsen, monunuat journal and momohiis
- Lili Kaelas, arkeologi
- Tõnis Kasemets, milumba korita di kosiliu mobi id pialaan ChampCar om IMSA
- Rein Kask, puru politik
- Egon Kaur, papapanau rali
- Paul Keres, mamain catur sompomogunan
- Lydia Koidula, momohiis
- Ilmi Kolla, momohiis
- Kaie Kõrb, susumayau ballet
- Karin Luts, artis
- Friedrich Martens, lawyer
- Kaili Närep, minsingkono
- Rene Pais, nointutunan maya professional sabaagi Syn Cole, DJ om mamain kakamot tuunion.
- Liisa Pulk, minsingkono
- Rasmus Rändvee, susuminding
- Salme Reek, minsingkono
- Georg Wilhelm Richmann, Psikis Jerman
- Erika Salumäe, momolumba bosikol trek
- David Samoylov, momohiis
- August Sang, momohiis
- Olev Siinmaa, arkitek
- David Shrayer-Petrov, momohiis, monunuat fiksyen, mamadalin, saintis pongusapan
- Maxim D. Shrayer, monunuat om kosusasteraan sarjana
- Lilli Suburg, monunuat
- Avo Sõmer, musikologi, musik teorist, komposer
- Kristin Tattar, atlet, mamamain glof abaal sompomogunan
Mogigion tapantang
[simbanai | simbanai toud]- 1886 Konstantin Possiet
- 1901 Friedrich Fromhold Martens
- 1934 Konstantin Päts
- 2007 Neeme Järvi
- 2008 Valter Ojakäär
- 2009 Jüri Jaanson
Galeri
[simbanai | simbanai toud]-
Ralan Nikolai om St. Elizabeth's Church
-
Promenad disan rahat id Pärnu
-
Tadau tumonob id disan rahat Pärnu
Intangai nogi
[simbanai | simbanai toud]- <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A4rnu_Leht" rel="mw:ExtLink" title="Pärnu Leht" class="cx-link" data-linkid="952">Pärnu Leht</a>
Sukuon
[simbanai | simbanai toud]- ↑ University of Tartu Pärnu College
- ↑ "LINNAOSADE JA -JAGUDE LÜHENDID". www.eki.ee (id boros Estonia). Linoyog ontok 18 March 2020.
- ↑ "Pärnu Sea Temperature". 2023-04-25.
- ↑ "Pärnu moat, Estonia". Visitestonia.com (id boros Inggilis). Linoyog ontok 23 December 2020.
- ↑ 1922 a. üldrahvalugemise andmed. Vihk I ja II, Rahva demograafiline koosseis ja korteriolud Eestis (id boros Estonia and Perancis). Tallinn: Riigi Statistika Keskbüroo. 1924. p. 33. ISBN 9789916103067 – via Digar.
- ↑ Rahvastiku koostis ja korteriolud. 1.III 1934 rahvaloenduse andmed. Vihk II (id boros Estonia and Perancis). Tallinn: Riigi Statistika Keskbüroo. 1935. pp. 47–53. hdl:10062/4439.
- ↑ Eesti Statistika : kuukiri 1942-03/04 (id boros Jerman and Estonia). Tallinn: Riigi Statistika Keskbüroo. 1942. pp. 66–67.
- ↑ Katus, Kalev; Puur, Allan; Põldma, Asta (2005). Rahvastiku ühtlusarvutatud sündmus- ja loendusstatistika: Pärnumaa 1965-1990. Sari C (id boros Estonia and Inggilis). Tallinn: Eesti Kõrgkoolidevaheline Demouuringute Keskus. pp. 31–32. ISBN 9985-820-83-5.
- ↑ Население районов, городов и поселков городского типа Эстонской ССР : по данным Всесоюзной переписи населения на 15 января 1970 года (id boros Rusia). Tallinn: Eesti NSV Statistika Keskvalitsus. 1972. p. 75.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Eesti Vabariigi maakondade, linnade ja alevite rahvastik. 1. osa, Rahvaarv rahvuse, perekonnaseisu, hariduse ja elatusallikate järgi : 1989. a. rahvaloenduse andmed (id boros Estonia). Tallinn: Eesti Vabariigi Riiklik Statistikaamet. 1990. pp. 28, 33. ISBN 978-9949-7193-2-7 – via Digar.
- ↑ "RL222: RAHVASTIK ELUKOHA JA RAHVUSE JÄRGI". Estonian Statistical Database (id boros Estonia).
- ↑ "RL0429: RAHVASTIK RAHVUSE, SOO, VANUSERÜHMA JA ELUKOHA JÄRGI, 31. DETSEMBER 2011". Estonian Statistical Database. Linoyog ontok 4 February 2021.
- ↑ "RL21429: Rahvastik Rahvuse, Soo, Vanuserühma Ja ELukoha (Haldusüksus) Järgi, 31. DETSEMBER 2021". Estonian Statistical Database (id boros Estonia).
- ↑ suvepealinn
- ↑ "Short history – VisitPärnu.com". Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad ontok 2016-03-03. Linoyog ontok 2012-06-15.
- ↑ "Pärnu Seawall".