Pergi ke kandungan

Tangkub-angkub

Mantad Wikipedia

Ladybird, ladybug, lady beetle, sungot
Temporal range: Eocene—Present
Coccinella septempunctata
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Missing taxonomy template (fix): Coccinellidae
Subfamilies[1]

(traditional, but see below):

Synonyms
  • Cerasommatidiidae
  • Epilachnidae

Coccinellidae (//ˌkɒksɪˈnɛlɪdiː/]) [3], nopo nga paganakan sungot tokoro ii oliwas o kinarayadan. Koinsoruan ointutunan sabaagi ladybugs id Amerika koibutan om ladybirds id United Kingdom; hogot "lady" sumuku kumaa di Sangti Maria. Momoguno puru entomologi do istila sungot ladybird toi ko' sungot lady montok mongilag koborulangan miampai wongking kopio. Lobi mantad 6,000 spesies nointutunan haro sasadan global om nokokito id mogisuusuai kawo tionon. Sungot diti nopo nga kibontuk alandui miampai likud di simpudu om boogian siriba di alampai. Ogumu spesies kiwotik om kirinda aposematik (pogoduhan) ii atalang, miagal ko aragang miampai worok toitom, ii manahak pogoduhan kumaa pamangsa do aralaat roso diolo.

Tangkub-angkub nopo nga iso kawo posisang i okoro om koubasanan nopo nga kiwarana aragang, urin toi osilou om kiworok do oitom i kiginayo 0.8 gisom 18 mm (0.03 gisom 0.71 in). Tangkub-angkub diti nopo nga poinsuang id tinimungan Coccinellidae i okito id posorili pomogunan miampai lobi mantad ko 5000 spesies. Kiguno o tangkub-angkub tu kaanu mangakan sogongi momuraag asil pomutanaman miagal ko kutu roun.

Coccinella transversalis
Tangkub - angkub

Etimologi

[simbanai | simbanai toud]

Ngaran Coccinellidae, ii winonsoi di Pierre André Latreille ontok 1807[4], nopo nga mantad boros latin coccineus ii kirati do 'scarlet'.[5] Ngaran toomod id Boros Inggeris , ladybird, nintodonon mantad Britain hinombo oilaan sabaagi "tombolog Tondu Dahai". [6][7] Maria (Tondu Dahai) nopo nga insaru do sorohon mamakai do jubah aragang id seni pogulu, om turu worok id spesies Coccinella septempunctata (ii andang id Eropah) nopo nga noboros do mobi turu kotoodon om turu katangaban dau.[8] Id Amerika Syarikat, ngaran dii nopo nga nointutunan do tulun ginumuan om pinosudong kumaa ladybug. Puru entomologi asanangan momoguno do istila ladybird toi ko' rangui tondu montok mongilag koborulangan miampai wongking kopio. [9][10][11][12] Ngaran id piipiro pogun suai nga kopiagal; sabaagi poomitanan id Jerman, songongi diti ointutunan sabaagi Marienkäfer kirati do 'Marybeetle' toi ko' 'ladybeetle'.[13]

Kotolinahasan

[simbanai | simbanai toud]

Ginayo do tangkab-angkab nopo nga id tinimungan 0.8 gisom 18 mm (0.03 - 0.7 in).[14] Tondu sinukadan koinsoruan agayo tokuri mantad kusai.[15] Ngai-ngai nopo nga kibontuk alandui miampai likud di simpudu om boogian siriba di alampai.[16] Mato do tangkab-angkab nopo nga agayo om susungu' di oniba miampai segmen mantad turu gisom hopod om iso segmen. Mandibel (hakang) ii agaras koinsoruan haro piipiro tokin nipon ii mihapak.[17] Boogian protoraks (boogian toguang toraks) tangkab-angkab nopo nga alaab om cembung, om kaanu monompon boogian tohuri do tulu.[18][19] Sabaagi do songongi, haro sontokin talad id toguang ii kumodou om amu mionsit, ointutunan sabaagi elytra, ii kotokop do boogian tohuri talad ii lobi oropupuh soira do amu tumulud. Gakod diolo nopo nga oniba,[18] miampai formula tarsal 4-4-4 (nga kokitanan miagal 3-3-3 tu segmen kotolu monikid tarsus nopo nga okoro toi ko' kumuri).[20][21] Boogian tompok gakod (tarsus) haro duo karam id tompok.[18]

Sabaagi nosukadan, songiongi diti misuai mantad koompinayan tosomok diolo miampai kouyuuyuo morfologi diti :[22]

  • Limo tokin do spirakel (luang pomuhabaan) id abdomen
  • Tentorium (ponokodung suang id suang do tulu) miampai rapang ii mitongkiad id boogian gulu om aiso susuyon
  • Aiso rulud popitongkiad do frons om clypeus (aiso tinombir frontoklipesal)
  • Palpus maksila miampai tompok ii okon ko bontuk dalat
  • Galea om lacinia (lobus id tompok do kakamot kabang) ii nasapad.
  • Boogian molar (alampai) id mandibel ii lobi okoro
  • Bongou coxal (luang kionoiyonon do gakod mioput do toraks) ii poingngukab mantad dohuri id boogian toguang toraks om mantad toguang id boogian tanga toraks.
  • Epimeron (plat pisuk) id metatoraks miampai siring ii miunung.
  • Rulud-rulud id sternum abdomen koduo
  • Genitalia kusai ii kibontuk tiub, miagal sifon

Sukuon

[simbanai | simbanai toud]
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Coccinellidae Latreille, 1807". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Linoyog ontok 24 Madas 2012.
  2. ↑ "Wikispecies: Microweiseinae". 2012. Linoyog ontok 9 Gomot 2013.
  3. ↑ "Coccinellidae". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Linoyog ontok 13 Mansak 2025.
  4. ↑ Brown, L., ed. (2007). Shorter Oxford English Dictionary. Vol. 1 (6 ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 441. ISBN 978-0199231768.
  5. ↑ Latreille, Pierre A. (1807). Genera crustaceorum et insectorum secundum ordinem naturalem. Vol. 3. Amand Koenig. pp. 70–75.
  6. ↑ Majerus 2016, p. 2.
  7. ↑ Majerus, Michael E. N. (2003). "Ladybugs". In Resh, Vincent H.; Cardé, Ring T. (eds.). Encyclopedia of Insects. Academic Press. pp. 618–622. ISBN 0-12-586990-8.
  8. ↑ Roy, Helen E.; Brown, Peter M. J.; et al. (2013). Ladybirds (2nd ed.). Pelagic Publishing. p. 1. ISBN 978-1-9078-0707-7.
  9. ↑ Frank, J. Howard; Mizell, Russell F. (2021). "Ladybirds, Ladybird beetles, Lady Beetles, Ladybugs of Florida, Coleoptera: Coccinellidae". Ask IFAS. University of Florida. Linoyog ontok 7 Mikat 2025.
  10. ↑ Holland, Mary (2016). Naturally curious day by day : a photographic field guide and daily visit to the forests, fields, and wetlands of Eastern North America. Stackpole Books. p. 173. ISBN 978-0811714129.
  11. ↑ Johnson, Ken (4 Mahas 2020). "Ladybug, Ladybug". extension.illinois.edu (id boros Inggilis). University of Illinois Extension. Linoyog ontok 17 Milatok 2023.
  12. ↑ "Common Names of Insects Database". www.entsoc.org (id boros Inggilis). Entomological Society of America. Linoyog ontok 20 Milatok 2023.
  13. ↑ Frank, J. Howard; Mizell, Russell F. (2021). "Ladybirds, Ladybird beetles, Lady Beetles, Ladybugs of Florida, Coleoptera: Coccinellidae". Ask IFAS. University of Florida. Linoyog ontok 7 Mikat 2025.
  14. ↑ Seago, Ainsley E.; Giorgi, Jose Adriano; Li, Jiahui; Ślipiński, Adam (Madas 2011). "Phylogeny, classification and evolution of ladybird beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) based on simultaneous analysis of molecular and morphological data". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 60 (1): 137–151. Bibcode:2011MolPE..60..137S. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.03.015. PMID 21426943.
  15. ↑ Hodek, Honěk & Van Emden 2012, p. 78.
  16. ↑ Majerus, Michael E. N. (2003). "Ladybugs". In Resh, Vincent H.; Cardé, Ring T. (eds.). Encyclopedia of Insects. Academic Press. pp. 618–622. ISBN 0-12-586990-8.
  17. ↑ Majerus 2016, p. 16.
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 Majerus 2016, p. 17.
  19. ↑ Hodek & Honěk 1996, p. 20.
  20. ↑ Poirier, Lisa. "Coleoptera – Polyphaga II". UNBC BIOL 322, Entomology.
  21. ↑ "Ladybird Beetles". www.faculty.ucr.edu. Linoyog ontok 29 Gumas 2024.
  22. ↑ Hodek, Honěk & Van Emden 2012, p. 3.
Naanu mantad "https://dtp.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tangkub-angkub&oldid=21675"