Tutuku
Tutuku, di noilaan nogi sabaagi ponuku, skala toi ko' tolok garis toi ko' kayu mito, nopo nga kakamot di gunoon montok monuku anaru, hinonggo anaru abasa mantad tanda id tutuku di noilaan sabaagi 'tukuon'.[1] Koubasanan nopo kakamot diti owonsoi miampai woyo di okodou om tutuku di otulid, di milo gunoon montok momonsoi garisan di otulid.
Kawo
[simbanai | simbanai toud]Nowonsoi do tutuku miampai mogisusuai kakamot om mogisusuai ginayo. Tumanud sajara, nowonsoi tutuku mantad kayu nga haro nogi tutuku di nowonsoi mantad palastik. Owonsoi nogi tutuku miampai tanda tukuon di anaru di okon nowonsoi mantad napatu. Gunoon nogi bosi montok momonsoi tutuku di lobi okodou om gunoon id bengkel; haro nogi tutuku di momoguno bosi id posorili do tutuku montok papakakal disan di atarom di gunoon montok momutul garisan di otulid. Koubasanan anaru do tutuku nopo nga 12 insi toi ko' 30 cm, nga haro nogi tutuku di anaru gisom 100 cm. Oponsol tomod pomogunoon tutuku di anaru diti do poopion id mija montok monguhup molukis. Tutuku di lobi oniba osonong do poopion id pakit. [2] Tutuku di lobi anaru miagal do 46 cm (18 insi), di gunoon id piipiro woyo. Tutuku di okodou nowonsoi mantad kayu toi ko' palastik tutuku, di anaru 1 ela, om 1 kayu mito, anaru do 1 mito. Id pogulu po gunoon do kayu ponuku montok projek di lobi agayo, babaino diti gunoon nodi tutuku tap, bulandai ponuku toi ko' ponuku momoguno laser.
Pomogunoon id geometri
[simbanai | simbanai toud]Id gana geometri, garis di otulid miampai duo titik milo wonsoyon momoguno tutuku di otulid (tutuku di aiso tanda). Suai ko iri, gunoon nogi montok momolukis graf om nuludan miampai otopot.
Kapamansayan momoguno tutuku om kompas nopo nga kapamansayan di momoguno tutuku om kompas. Milo gunoon montok poobogian di miagal momoguno tutuku om kompas. Sundung po ingkaa, haro hinta do amu milo poobogioon pisuk kumaa tolu boogian di miagal nung momoguno kompas om tutuku otulid di nointutunan nogi sabaagi kobolingkahangan pisuk triseksi. Mulong po ingkaa, milo otolibamban kobolingkahangan diti miampai momonsoi duo tanda momoguno tutuku.
Sajara
[simbanai | simbanai toud].jpg)
Suang do sajara do ponukuan kogumuan unit sinodu nopo nga momoguno boogian tinan do tulun miagal do hasta, longon om gakod om mogisusuai anaru tumanud timpu om kinoyonon.[3] Ontok abad - 18, pomogunoon sistom metrik tumimpuun do gunoon om otorimo id mogisusuai taang id posorili pogun id pomogunaan.
Tutuku di otuo di nogompi nopo nga iso tutuku aloi kuprum di nowonsoi kikiro id 2650 Pogulu Masihi di nokito do puru Assyriologist, Eckhard Unger namot kumaraja id kakadayan Sumeria id Nippur (baino nointutunan sabaagi Iraq).
Tutuku di nowonsoi mantad ivory gunoon id were tionon lembah Indus ontok timpu 1500 Pogulu Masihi.[4] Ekskavasu du nowonsoi id Lothal (2400 Pogulu Masihi) nokokito do iso tutuku miagal dii kikiro 1.6 millimetres (1⁄16 in).[4] Tumanud pomusarahahn di Ian Whitelaw tutuku di gunoon Mohenjo-Daro boogian kumaa uniti di miagal miampai ruler 33.5 millimetres (1.32 in) om unit diti tukuon miampai katapatan di osonong, iri no tu gisom 0.13 millimetres (0.005 in). Watu-watu pogulu nokito id posorili kinoyonon dii haro dimensi di kosudong miampai unit - unit dii.[5]
Anton Ullrich nopo nga tulun di minomonsoi tutuku likob ontok 1851. Ontok toun 1902, minomonsoi i Frank Hunt do tutuku fleksibel.[6]
Tutuku fleksibel
[simbanai | simbanai toud]Kakamot di miagal gunoon miampai tutuku montok momolukis toi ko' papaasil kawagu iso bontuk, id suang bontuk templat di okodou, di nointutun sabaagi longkungan Perancis. Kakamot fleksibel di milo gunoon miampai mogisusuai bontuk nointutunan nogi sabaagi spline otulid, toi ko' (suang versi di babaino diti nointutunan sabaagi lengkung fleksibel. Tumanud sajara, tutuku fleksibel gunoon do tukang watu di milo tumanud bontuk do acuan om nointutunan nogi sabaagi tutuku lesbian.[7]
Filosofi
[simbanai | simbanai toud]Ludwig Wittgenstein nointutunan sabaagi tulun di momoguno tutuku suang pogibabarasan dau id suang pomoinan boros suang do Philosophical Investigations (1953). Popointalang dau do standard mito bar id Paris nopo nga kriteria di gunoon montok papatantu do toinsanan tutuku di suai kiwaa anaru do iso mito. Sundung po ingkaa, aiso laang analitikal montok popokito do palang mito piawai dii nopo nga anaru do iso mito. Nointutunan sabaagi iso mito sabaagi sobogiaan mantad pomoinan boros.
Intangai suai
[simbanai | simbanai toud]
Sukuon
[simbanai | simbanai toud]- ↑ "ruler noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage notes - Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary at OxfordLearnersDictionaries.com". www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 25 October 2017. Linoyog ontok 25 April 2018.
- ↑ "Steel Rule Has Pocket Clip For Use As A Depth Gauge", Popular Science, December 1935, p. 887 bottom right.
- ↑ Klein, Herbert A. The science of measurement: a historical survey. Reprint, unabridged, corr. republ. der Ausg. New York, Simon & Schuster, 1974. ed. New York, NY: Dover, 1988. Print.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Whitelaw, p. 14.
- ↑ Whitelaw, p. 15.
- ↑ "Flexible Ruler Invented by Frank G. Hunt". National Museum of National History. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 30 June 2016. Linoyog ontok 7 June 2016.
- ↑ Templat:OED (subscription required)
Bibiliografi
[simbanai | simbanai toud]- Cherry, Dan. "Collector's guide to rules", Furniture & Cabinetmaking, no. 259, July 2017, ISSN 1365-4292, pp. 52–6
- Rees, Jane and Mark (2010). The Rule Book: Measuring for the Trades. Lakeville, MN: Astragal Press ISBN 978-1-931626-26-2 OCLC 907853704
- Russell, David R.; with photography by James Austin and foreword by David Linley (2010). Antique Woodworking Tools: Their Craftsmanship from the Earliest Times to the Twentieth Century, Cambridge: John Adamson ISBN 978-1-898565-05-5 OCLC 727125586, pp. 64–74
- Whitelaw, Ian (2007). A Measure of All Things: The Story of Man and Measurement. Macmillan ISBN 0-312-37026-1 OCLC 938084552