Mongolia

Mongolia
ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ (Mongolian)
Монгол Улс (Mongolian)
Mongolia ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ (Mongolian); Монгол Улс (Mongolian);
	Flag Emblem
	Anthem: Монгол улсын төрийн дуулал; Mongol ulsyn töriin duulal; "National Anthem of Mongolia"
	State seal;
Capital om kakadayan bobos agayo	Ulaanbaatar; 48°N 106°E / 48°N 106°E
Boros rasmi	Mongolian
Official scripts	Mongolian; Cyrillic;
Tinimungan etnik (2020)	95.6% Mongols 83.8% Khalkha Mongols; 11.8% Other Mongols; ; 3.8% Kazakhs; 0.6% other;
Ugama (2020)	51.7% Buddhism; 40.6% no religion; 3.2% Islam; 2.5% Shamanism; 1.3% Christianity; 0.7% other;
Demonim	Mongolian, Mongol
Government	Unitary semi-presidential republic
• President	Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh
• Prime Minister	Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene
Kotinanan perundangan	State Great Khural
Formation
• Xiongnu Confederacy	209 BC
• Mongol Empire	1206
• Completion of Qing dynasty conquest	1691
• Declaration of independence from the Qing dynasty	29 December 1911
• Mongolian People's Republic established	26 November 1924
• Current constitution	12 February 1992
Area
• Total	1,564,116 km2 (603,909 sq mi) (18th)
• Waig (%)	0.67
Population
• 2023 estimate	3,504,741 (131th)
• Density	2.24/km2 (5.8/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)	2023 estimate
• Total	$52.989 billion (124th)
• Per kapita	$15,087 (103rd)
GDP (nominal)	2023 estimate
• Ginumu	$18.782 billion (136th)
• Per kapita	$5,348 (115th)
Gini (2018)	32.7; medium
HDI (2022)	0.741; high · 96th
Mato tusin	Tögrög (MNT)
Zon timpu	UTC+7/+8
Calling code	+976
Kod ISO 3166	MN
Internet TLD	.mn, .мон

Mongolia (boros Inggeris: disebut /mɒŋˈɡoʊliə/), nopo nga pogun ii aiso rahat koduo tagayo id Asia Timur om Asia Tengah. Mongolia nopo miwolit do pogun Rusia id koibutan om China id kabaatan. Mongolia nopo nga momguno sistem politik demokrasi kiparlimen. Kakadayan tagayo nopo nga Ulaanbaatar.

Mongolia nopo nga longkod Empayar Mongol id kurun ko-13 om porinta do Dinasti Manchu mantad abad 17 gisom 1911. Minonsondiri maya kouhupan mantad pogun Rusia id 1924. Soira noruntum Komunisme id 1989, noiduan di Mongolia ii komunisme om minonokodung do ko'oturan demokratik mimpuun do toun 1992. Mantad dii, nokosiliu Mongolia sabaagi pogun demokratik id bobos tomulok.

Miampai kogoyoon sompias 1,564,116 km persegi, Mongolia nopo nga pogun ko-19 tagayo id pomogunan. Kogumuan tana nopo nga arasak, amu produktif om noponu do sakot steppe, nulu-nulu nopo nga id koibutan om kotonobon. Gurun Gobi nopo nga gana ogis ii agayo id ponong kabaatan. 30% mogigion nopo nga poimpasi maya nomad ii no tu koposion miundaliu daliu miampai migit do kiim om piipiro kakamot montok popotilombus koposion. Majoriti mogigion nopo nga kiugama Buddha Tibet. Etnik nopo nga mantad Monggol, Buriat, Kazakh om Tuvan poingion id kotonobon. Iso per tolu mogigion nopo nga poingion id Ulaanbaatar.

Sajara pogulu

Etnik Mongolia nopo nga poingion id koiyonon diti ontok timpu prasejarah. Poimpasi yolo maya nomad.

Nuut

↑ Also spelled as "Ulan Bator".

Sukuon

↑ "Official Documents to be in Mongolian Script". UB Post. 21 Mahas 2011. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad ontok 1 Milau 2011. Linoyog ontok 11 Madas 2010.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 "Хун ам, орон сууцны 2020 оны улсын ээлжит тооллогы нэгдсэн дун" (PDF) (id boros Mongolian). Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad (PDF) ontok 7 Milau 2020. Linoyog ontok 16 Magus 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
↑ Odonkhuu, Munkhsaikhan (Mansak 12, 2016). "Mongolia: A Vain Constitutional Attempt to Consolidate Parliamentary Democracy". ConstitutionNet. International IDEA. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok Mansak 25, 2016. Linoyog ontok Mansak 21, 2016. Mongolia is sometimes described as a semi-presidential system because, while the prime minister and cabinet are collectively responsible to the SGKh, the president is popularly elected, and his/her powers are much broader than the conventional powers of heads of state in parliamentary systems.
↑ "Mongolia". The World Factbook. CIA. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok Milatok 9, 2021. Linoyog ontok Magus 9, 2015.
↑ "MONGOLIAN STATISTICAL INFORMATION SERVICE".
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 ^6.3 "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Mongolia)". International Monetary Fund. 10 Gumas 2023. Linoyog ontok 16 Gumas 2023.
↑ "GINI index (World Bank estimate) – Mongolia". data.worldbank.org. World Bank. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 1 Milatok 2020. Linoyog ontok 22 Gomot 2020.
↑ "Human Development Report 2023/24" (PDF) (id boros Inggilis). United Nations Development Programme. 13 Gomot 2024. Pinoopi (PDF) mantad sanḏad ontok 13 Gomot 2024. Linoyog ontok 13 Gomot 2024.
↑ "Mongolia Standard Time is GMT (UTC) +8, some areas of Mongolia use GMT (UTC) +7". Time Temperature.com. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok Gumas 13, 2007. Linoyog ontok Manom 30, 2007.

[1] Also spelled as "Ulan Bator".

[2] "Official Documents to be in Mongolian Script". UB Post. 21 Mahas 2011. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad ontok 1 Milau 2011. Linoyog ontok 11 Madas 2010.

[web-old.archive.org-3] 2.0 ^2.1 "Хун ам, орон сууцны 2020 оны улсын ээлжит тооллогы нэгдсэн дун" (PDF) (id boros Mongolian). Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad (PDF) ontok 7 Milau 2020. Linoyog ontok 16 Magus 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)

[IDEA-4] Odonkhuu, Munkhsaikhan (Mansak 12, 2016). "Mongolia: A Vain Constitutional Attempt to Consolidate Parliamentary Democracy". ConstitutionNet. International IDEA. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok Mansak 25, 2016. Linoyog ontok Mansak 21, 2016. Mongolia is sometimes described as a semi-presidential system because, while the prime minister and cabinet are collectively responsible to the SGKh, the president is popularly elected, and his/her powers are much broader than the conventional powers of heads of state in parliamentary systems.

[cia-5] "Mongolia". The World Factbook. CIA. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok Milatok 9, 2021. Linoyog ontok Magus 9, 2015.

[6] "MONGOLIAN STATISTICAL INFORMATION SERVICE".

[IMFWEO.MN-7] 6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 ^6.3 "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Mongolia)". International Monetary Fund. 10 Gumas 2023. Linoyog ontok 16 Gumas 2023.

[wb-gini-8] "GINI index (World Bank estimate) – Mongolia". data.worldbank.org. World Bank. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 1 Milatok 2020. Linoyog ontok 22 Gomot 2020.

[UNHDR-9] "Human Development Report 2023/24" (PDF) (id boros Inggilis). United Nations Development Programme. 13 Gomot 2024. Pinoopi (PDF) mantad sanḏad ontok 13 Gomot 2024. Linoyog ontok 13 Gomot 2024.

[10] "Mongolia Standard Time is GMT (UTC) +8, some areas of Mongolia use GMT (UTC) +7". Time Temperature.com. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok Gumas 13, 2007. Linoyog ontok Manom 30, 2007.

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