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California

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California
State
State of California
The flag shows a red stripe on the bottom in a white field, with a red star on the top left in the canton. In the center, a grizzly bear is on top of a mound of green grass on over the white field. Below it, text reads "CALIFORNIA REPUBLIC" in a Seal color.
Flag
Official seal of California
Seal
Nickname: 
The Golden State[1]
Motto: 
"Eureka"[2]
Anthem: "I Love You, California"
Map of the United States with California highlighted
Map of the United States with California highlighted
CountryUnited States
Before statehoodMexican Cession unorganized territory
Admitted to the UnionManom 9, 1850; 174 years ago (1850-09-09) (31st)
CapitalSacramento
Largest cityLos Angeles
Largest metro and urban areasGreater Los Angeles
Government
 • GovernorGavin Newsom (D)
 • Lieutenant GovernorEleni Kounalakis (D)
LegislatureCalifornia State Legislature
 • Upper houseCalifornia State Senate
 • Lower houseCalifornia State Assembly
JudiciarySupreme Court of California
U.S. senatorsAlex Padilla (D)
Laphonza Butler (D)
U.S. House delegation
(list)
Area
 • Total163,696 sq mi (423,970 km2)
 • Land155,959 sq mi (403,932 km2)
 • Water7,737 sq mi (20,047 km2)  4.7%
 • Rank3rd
Dimensions
 • Length760 mi (1,220 km)
 • Width250 mi (400 km)
Elevation
2,900 ft (880 m)
Highest elevation
(Mount Whitney[3][4][note 1][note 2])
14,505 ft (4,421.0 m)
Lowest elevation
(Badwater Basin[5])
−279 ft (−85.0 m)
Population
 (2023)
 • TotalNeutral decrease 38,940,231[6]
 • Rank1st
 • Density251.3/sq mi (97/km2)
  • Rank11th
 • Median household income
$78,700[7]
 • Income rank
5th
Demonym(s)Californian
Californio (archaic Spanish)
Californiano (Spanish)
Boros
 • Official languageEnglish
 • Spoken language
Time zoneUTC−08:00 (PST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−07:00 (PDT)
USPS abbreviation
CA
ISO 3166 codeUS-CA
Traditional abbreviationCalif., Cal., Cali.
Latitude32°32′ N to 42° N
Longitude114°8′ W to 124°26′ W
Websitewww.ca.gov
State symbols of California
Flag of California
Seal of California
Living insignia
AmphibianCalifornia red-legged frog
BirdCalifornia quail
Fish
FlowerCalifornia poppy
FruitAvocado
GrassPurple needlegrass
InsectCalifornia dogface butterfly
Mammal
MushroomCalifornia Golden Chanterelle
ReptileDesert tortoise
TreeCoast redwood & giant sequoia[10]
VegetableArtichoke
Inanimate insignia
ColorsBlue & Gold[9]
DanceWest Coast Swing
DinosaurAugustynolophus
Folk danceSquare dance
FossilSabre-toothed cat
GemstoneBenitoite
MineralNative gold
RockSerpentine
ShipCalifornian
SoilSan Joaquin
SportSurfing
TartanCalifornia state tartan
State route marker
Route marker
State quarter
California quarter dollar coin
Released in 2005
Lists of United States state symbols

California nopo nga iso pogun id Amerika Syarikat om poingiliu id pesisir barat Amerika Syarikat. California nopo nga negeri di nokoburu kopio id Amerika Syarikat om iso negeri ii kiwaa do mogiigion tagayo id A.S. Nung osiliu iti sabaagi do pogun nakagabas nga osiliu iti id taang do ko-6 id ekonomi di taagayo id pomogunan kopongo Amerika Syarikat, Jepun, Jerman, United Kingdom om Perancis. Suai ko ii, negeri diti nga ointutunan nogi miampai do suku tinaru di mogikaakawo id AS, loolobi no tinaru Latino. Singkatan montok pos A.S.nya nopo nga CA om singkatan montok Associated Press nopo nga Calif.

California nogi nga mongunsub dominan do koubasanan om nogi ekonomi AS, miampai no mananakadai id inovasi gulu miagal ko gana teknologi om perundangan. Montok pomoruhang, mambayar nogi iti do lobi kumaa sistom federal montok kountungan ii notorimo. Iti nogi nga bandar raya ii taagayo om kagayat ginawo id pogun AS, kohompit no Los Angeles, Sacramento, San Diego om nogi San Francisco.

Sajara

[simbanai | simbanai toud]

Pogulu korikatan do tulun Eropah, koiyonon California nopo nga opuhawang miampai do koubasanan om nogi boros mogikaakawo kaum pribumi Indian Amerika Utara. Kogumuan kaum diti nopo nga id sampaping pantai barat om mogigihum do mamalia rahat, monginginsada do salmon om monimung do karang, hinombo pomburu nomad nopo nga lobi orohian mongingindupot om monimung kekacang, acorns, om tua'ua berries. Kaum di tagayo nopo ontok dii nga Chumash, Pomo om Salinan.

Penjelajah Eropah koiso ii nokokito do pesisiran California nopo nga songulun Portugal ii Joao Rodrigues Cabrilho ontok 1542. Nga, penjelajah ii nakalantoi nopo do nokokito pesisiran California do posorili nopo nga ii penjelajah England ii nointutunan, i Sir Francis Drake ontok 1579. Isio nopo nga minomungaran do koiyonon dii sabaagi do New Albion. Pihak Sepanyol ii nakatakluk do Mexico ontok 1521, nopo nga laid no aanangan do koiyonon California dii nga au kaanu do menjelajah tu osodu. Sundung do ingkaa nga, bertindak yolo kopongo do penjelajahan Rusia id Alaska ontok 1745 - 1765. Tiyonon California nopo nga strategik tomod om oponsol montok Sepanyol sabaagi tuundorongon do kapal-kapal galleon Sepanyol ii kumaa doid Manila, Filipina. Mantad dii, San Diego nopo nga noiyanan ontok 1769, om Monterey nopo nga ontok 1770.

Geografi

[simbanai | simbanai toud]

California nopo nga kiwaa posorili di olumis ii popokito do lembah tanga di oliwas, nulu takawas, gana pasir ii alasu om pesisiran pantai ii ogingo. Miampai linaab wilayah do 410.000 km persegi, negeri diti nopo nga kotolu tagayo id AS. Kogumuan bandar raya nopo nga id pesisiran Pasifik di osogit, om ii ointutunan nopo kopio nga Los Angeles, San Francisco, San Jose, Orang County om San Diego. Sundung do ingkaa nga, ibu negeri nopo diti nga Sacramento id Central Valley.

Kiharo o geografi di mogikaakawo id California. Id tanga pogun diti nopo nga kiwaa Central Valley, iso lembah di tagayo om subur miampai dibatasi do rulud nulu pesisir id barat, Sierra Navada granit id timur, Cascade Range id utara sabaagi nulu kitapui, om Nulu Tehachapi id selatan. Baang, dam om kanal nopo nga popotounda do waig montok do Central Valley. Maya do "dredging", piipiro baang nopo nga nakagayo om nakaralom gisom do nosiliu o piipiro kota do pelabuhan, ii nopo nga Stockton, California.

California nogi nga longkod piipiro nulu kitapui, ii kakal po aktif miagal ko Nulu Mammoth. Nulu kitapui suai nopo nga miagal ko Lassen Peak ii nokoloput mantad di 1914 om 1921, om nogi Nulu Shasta.

Sukuon

[simbanai | simbanai toud]
  1. ↑ "California". www.americaslibrary.gov. Linoyog ontok July 3, 2020.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Chapter 2 of Division 2 of Title 1 of the California Government Code". California Office of Legislative Counsel. Linoyog ontok February 23, 2019.
  3. ↑ Ralat maganu:Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama Mount_Whitney
  4. ↑ Ralat maganu:Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama USGS
  5. ↑ "USGS National Elevation Dataset (NED) 1 meter Downloadable Data Collection from The National Map 3D Elevation Program (3DEP)—National Geospatial Data Asset (NGDA) National Elevation Data Set (NED)". United States Geological Survey. September 21, 2015. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad ontok March 25, 2019. Linoyog ontok September 22, 2015.
  6. ↑ Ralat maganu:Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama CaliforniaDecline2023
  7. ↑ "Median Annual Household Income". The US Census Bureau. Linoyog ontok January 29, 2020.
  8. ↑ "Languages Spoken at Home". United States Census Bureau. Linoyog ontok June 5, 2022.
  9. ↑ "California Government Code § 424". California Office of Legislative Counsel. Linoyog ontok February 23, 2019.
  10. ↑ "California Government Code § 422". California Office of Legislative Counsel. Linoyog ontok February 23, 2019.


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