Gua Madai
| Madai Cave | |
|---|---|
 Entrance to the cave. | |
| Entrances | 1 |
Gua Madai nopo nga gua i poinladsong id Kunak, Sabah, Malaysia. Gua diti nopo nga soboogian mantad do banjaran nulu watu kapur i poinladsong id suang do Talun Pinoopi Baturong-Madai.[1]
Tionon tulun di pogulu
[simbanai | simbanai toud]Tionon do tulun di pogulu i noilaan id koibutan do Borneo nopo ngna nakaharo no mantad 20,000 - 30,000 toun pogulu, miagal di pinobukti do kakamot watu om topod taakanon i nokito maya do pongukadan id poingompus do Teluk Darvel id gua Madai-Baturong, miinsomok do Baang Tingkayu.[2] Haro nogi kinoyonon pamalabangan laid id suang do gua sundung pia identiti diolo i pinolobong do hiri nopo nga au po noilaan do kogumuan tulun kampung i poingion miinsomok do gua dii.[3]
Pogonuan do rumun tombolog
[simbanai | simbanai toud]Otutunan o gua diti sabaagi toud do rumun tombolog walit i gunoon id suang do sup rumun tombolog[4], miampai pokionuon di kogumuan nopo nga mantad tulun Sina, lobi-lobi po maamaso Toun Wagu Sina.[5] Induo sontoun (id pialatan do Mansak om Ngiop, om id pialatan do Madas om Gumas), moninimung kilisin nopo nga katama kopio do manalakoi do siling-siling gua momoguno do tuai, tali om torigi poring i piniiso miampai au pointantu.[5] Iti nopo nga ababayan karamayan poimbida montok mogigion Ida'an do hiri,[6][7] i minongigit do hak montok Gua Madai miampai lobi ko' 20 sukod.[8] Sundung pia Ida'an nopo nga papalabus tapangkal, tulun diti nopo nga okon ko' momoguno om maan diolo padagango o rumun tombolog diti kumaa tulun i popojual kumaa momoguno id Hong Kong om Singapura.[9]
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Rumun tombolog walit id suang do gua. -
Songinan tombolog walit kirumun toitom.
Suai ko' pogonuan do rumun tombolog, mendapan fosfat mantad rumun walit om pungit nogi nga maan timungon montok gunoon sabaagi do baja.[3]
Id suang do koubasanan di otutunan kopio
[simbanai | simbanai toud]Pinokito o gua diti maamaso do program pialaan pimpanahan do Amerika Eco-Challenge id edisi 2000, hinonggo mampayat nopo nga nuru do manalakoi tukad mantad tuai.[3]
Sukuon
[simbanai | simbanai toud]- ↑ "Madai Cave". Sabah Wildlife Department. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad ontok 22 Gumas 2017. Linoyog ontok 22 Gumas 2017.
- ↑ Kathy MacKinnon (1996). The Ecology of Kalimantan. Periplus Editions. pp. 55–57. ISBN 978-0-945971-73-3.
Since 1980, the Sabah Museum staff have carried out excavations in the Madai and Baturong limestone massifs, at caves and open sites dated back 30,000 years. Baturong is surrounded by large area of alluvial deposits, formed by the damming of the Tingkayu River by a lava flow. The Tingkayu stone industry shows a unique level of skills for its period. The remains of many mammals, snakes, and tortoises were found, all food items collected by early occupants of the rock shelters.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Liz Price (3 Madas 2010). "Exploring the hidden depths". The Star. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad ontok 22 Gumas 2017. Linoyog ontok 22 Gumas 2017.
- ↑ Talia Avakian (24 Mahas 2016). "Inside the dangerous process that goes into collecting one of the most expensive food products in the world". Business Insider. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad ontok 22 Gumas 2017. Linoyog ontok 22 Gumas 2017.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Per Liljas (25 Momuhau 2015). "How the Ancient Practice of Harvesting Edible Bird's Nests Is Facing Some Very Modern Challenges". Time. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad ontok 22 Gumas 2017. Linoyog ontok 22 Gumas 2017.
- ↑ Cheung (2004). The Globalization of Chinese Food. Routledge. pp. 53–. ISBN 978-0-415-33830-1.
- ↑ Madeline Berma; Junaenah Sulehan; Faridah Shahadan (2010). ""White Gold": The Role of Edible Birds' Nest in the Livelihood Strategy of the Idahan Communities in Malaysia" (PDF). Massey University. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad (PDF) ontok 22 Gumas 2017. Linoyog ontok 22 Gumas 2017.
- ↑ "South-east". Sabah Education Department. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad ontok 22 Gumas 2017. Linoyog ontok 22 Gumas 2017.
- ↑ Mohamed Yusof Ismail (1999). "Social Control and Bird's Nest Harvesting among the Idahan: A Preliminary Observation" (PDF). Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad (PDF) ontok 22 Gumas 2017. Linoyog ontok 22 Gumas 2017.
Noputan labus
[simbanai | simbanai toud]
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